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Usia kronologis dan usia koreksi bayi prematur
Author: dr. Lucyana Alim Santoso, Sp.A
![](https://ik.imagekit.io/primaku/article_image/ae812e238f845ddd4921219963b0b5fb.jpg?tr=w-500)
Topik: Bayi Prematur, Usia Kronologis, Usia Koreksi, Prematurity, 0-6 Bulan, 6-12 Bulan, 1-3 Tahun
Bagi sebagian orangtua, evaluasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan seorang anak dapat menjadi momen yang membuat deg-degan, terlebih apabila anaknya memiliki riwayat lahir prematur. Belum lagi melihat anak sebaya yang sudah bisa A atau B, sedangkan anak kita belum mencapai tonggak perkembangan tersebut.
Nah penting diketahui bagi para orangtua bayi prematur, bahwa pengukuran pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi prematur bukan mengikuti usia sebenarnya (usia kronologis) melainkan mengikuti usia koreksi. Usia kronologis adalah usia bayi yang dihitung sejak bayi lahir. Sedangkan usia koreksi adalah perbedaan usia kronologis dikurangi selisih usia gestasi* ke-40 minggu. Misalnya, seorang bayi prematur yang lahir di usia gestasi 32 minggu dan saat ini berusia 3 bulan, maka usia kronologis bayi ini adalah 12 minggu, tetapi usia koreksinya adalah 12 minggu – (40 minggu -32 minggu), atau 12 minggu - 8 minggu = 4 minggu. Sehingga usia koreksi bayi ini adalah 1 bulan. Pemantauan pertumbuhan di kurva standar pertumbuhan harus mengacu pada usia 1 bulan, bukan 3 bulan. Demikian juga perkembangan bayi harus dinilai dengan kesesuaian di usia 1 bulan, bukan 3 bulan.
Pemahaman akan usia kronologis dan usia koreksi ini dapat menghindarkan orangtua bayi prematur dari kecemasan atau kekhawatiran yang tidak perlu, serta membantu memantau tumbuh kembang sang anak dengan lebih akurat.
*) Note: Usia gestasi adalah usia janin di kandungan terhitung dari hari pertama haid terakhir (HPHT) ibu sampai bayi lahir.
Bahan bacaan:
- Konsensus asuhan nutrisi pada bayi prematur. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia. 2016
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